diff --git a/rules-tests/CodeQuality/Rector/CallLike/DirectInstanceOverMockArgRector/Fixture/skip_non_test_class_spread_named_arg.php.inc b/rules-tests/CodeQuality/Rector/CallLike/DirectInstanceOverMockArgRector/Fixture/skip_non_test_class_spread_named_arg.php.inc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a1a6552b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rules-tests/CodeQuality/Rector/CallLike/DirectInstanceOverMockArgRector/Fixture/skip_non_test_class_spread_named_arg.php.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Rector\PHPUnit\Tests\CodeQuality\Rector\CallLike\DirectInstanceOverMockArgRector\Fixture;
+
+final class SkipNonTestClassSpreadNamedArg
+{
+    public function run($request)
+    {
+        return new SomeData(
+            ...$request->updateData(),
+            user: (string) $request->user()->getKey(),
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/rules/CodeQuality/Rector/CallLike/DirectInstanceOverMockArgRector.php b/rules/CodeQuality/Rector/CallLike/DirectInstanceOverMockArgRector.php
index ec90e9d1..a31b61aa 100644
--- a/rules/CodeQuality/Rector/CallLike/DirectInstanceOverMockArgRector.php
+++ b/rules/CodeQuality/Rector/CallLike/DirectInstanceOverMockArgRector.php
@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@
 use PhpParser\Node\Expr\StaticCall;
 use PhpParser\Node\Name\FullyQualified;
 use Rector\PhpParser\Node\Value\ValueResolver;
-use Rector\PHPStan\ScopeFetcher;
-use Rector\PHPUnit\Enum\PHPUnitClassName;
+use Rector\PHPUnit\NodeAnalyzer\TestsNodeAnalyzer;
 use Rector\Rector\AbstractRector;
 use Rector\Symfony\Enum\SymfonyClass;
 use Symplify\RuleDocGenerator\ValueObject\CodeSample\CodeSample;
@@ -26,7 +25,8 @@
 final class DirectInstanceOverMockArgRector extends AbstractRector
 {
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly ValueResolver $valueResolver
+        private readonly ValueResolver $valueResolver,
+        private readonly TestsNodeAnalyzer $testsNodeAnalyzer
     ) {
     }
 
@@ -88,13 +88,8 @@ public function getNodeTypes(): array
      */
     public function refactor(Node $node): MethodCall|StaticCall|New_|ArrayItem|null
     {
-        $scope = ScopeFetcher::fetch($node);
-        if (! $scope->isInClass()) {
-            return null;
-        }
-
-        $classReflection = $scope->getClassReflection();
-        if (! $classReflection->is(PHPUnitClassName::TEST_CASE)) {
+        // run on test classes only, non-test code may lack scope on args and crash the whole run
+        if (! $this->testsNodeAnalyzer->isInTestClass($node)) {
             return null;
         }