fix(charts): return notFound for invalid catalog case IDs

[sentry]

When users navigate to URLs with malformed case IDs (such as /charts/catalog/charts/159-shadcn-line-linear.md), the regex validation in getChartsCatalogCase throws an unhandled validation error that surfaces to Sentry.

Add if (!isChartsCatalogCaseId(params.caseId)) throw notFound() to the $caseId route loader before invoking the server function, matching the pattern already used in charts.catalog.collections.$collectionId.tsx.

Fixes TANSTACK-COM-5AF

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Latest commit: e36a525

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Status	Name	Latest Commit	Updated (UTC)
❌ Deployment failed View logs	tanstack-com	e36a525	Oct 15 2026, 11:26 PM

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[tannerlinsley]

I verified this guard in a credential-free local app at e36a525. The reported /charts/catalog/charts/159-shadcn-line-linear.md URL and an uppercase ID both return HTTP 404. Removing the guard in the disposable fixture restores HTTP 500 for the reported URL; restoring it returns 404 again. The shared validator also agrees with the server schema on five invalid and three valid ID controls. This does not cover loading a valid catalog detail page end to end. The Cloudflare check is still failing, so I am leaving this open until that deployment gate is resolved.