Adding a fourth canonical exercise to the 'resistor color' series

exercises/resistor-color-tolerance/canonical-data.json

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+{
+  "exercise": "resistor-color-tolerance",
+  "cases": [
+    {
+      "uuid": "fb677832-9a1b-4493-a5b0-786db5a8479c",
+      "description": "Orange, orange, black and red",
+      "property": "labelDecoder",
+      "input": {
+        "colors": ["orange", "orange", "black", "red"]
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "value": 33,
+        "unit": "ohms",
+        "tolerance": "±2%"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "8bdeb354-b8cf-47c1-96e4-84dceda90f8c",
+      "description": "Blue, gray, brown and violet",
+      "property": "labelDecoder",
+      "input": {
+        "colors": ["blue", "grey", "brown", "violet"]
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "value": 680,
+        "unit": "ohms",
+        "tolerance": "±0.1%"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "b4ef8864-09fc-443b-b4fb-82835c081637",
+      "description": "Red, black, red and green",
+      "property": "labelDecoder",
+      "input": {
+        "colors": ["red", "black", "red", "green"]
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "value": 2,
+        "unit": "kiloohms",
+        "tolerance": "±0.5%"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "c001757b-d388-4f42-9987-23e42bc22d68",
+      "description": "Green, brownm orange and grey",
+      "property": "labelDecoder",
+      "input": {
+        "colors": ["green", "brown", "orange", "grey"]
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "value": 51,
+        "unit": "kiloohms",
+        "tolerance": "±0.5%"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "1cb18e15-1fc5-4375-8a24-ca6eee130a27",
+      "description": "Only one band",
+      "comments": [
+        "One band resistors only have the color black with a value of 0 and no tolerance."
+      ],
+      "property": "labelDecoder",
+      "input": {
+        "colors": ["black"]
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "value": 0,
+        "unit": "ohms"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "7e6841b9-0d11-43fb-85ad-be50e49b0656",
+      "description": "Orange, orange, yellow, black and brown",
+      "property": "labelDecoder",
+      "input": {
+        "colors": ["orange", "orange", "yellow", "black", "brown"]
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "value": 334,
+        "unit": "ohms",
+        "tolerance": "±1%"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "00019463-44d1-47f5-b59f-f3e7defc03d9",
+      "description": "Red, green, yellow, yellow and brown",
+      "property": "labelDecoder",
+      "input": {
+        "colors": ["red", "green", "yellow", "yellow", "brown"]
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "value": 2.54,
+        "unit": "megaohms",
+        "tolerance": "±1%"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "7998837e-fdfa-48c6-9191-0ab27c4777cc",
+      "description": "Blue, gray, white, brown and brown",
+      "scenarios": ["floating-point"],
+      "property": "labelDecoder",
+      "input": {
+        "colors": ["blue", "grey", "white", "brown", "brown"]
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "value": 6.89,
+        "unit": "kiloohms",
+        "tolerance": "±1%"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "51554e9f-c21d-4a73-a54c-1d9a973eaed0",
+      "description": "Violet, orange, red and gray",
+      "scenarios": ["floating-point"],
+      "property": "labelDecoder",
+      "input": {
+        "colors": ["violet", "orange", "red", "grey"]
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "value": 7.3,
+        "unit": "kiloohms",
+        "tolerance": "±0.05%"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "68aa7ba3-2334-411a-b3a4-7c47fe20fd99",
+      "description": "Brown, red, orange, green and blue",
+      "scenarios": ["floating-point"],
+      "property": "labelDecoder",
+      "input": {
+        "colors": ["brown", "red", "orange", "green", "blue"]
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "value": 12.3,
+        "unit": "megaohms",
+        "tolerance": "±0.25%"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "f6069edc-099b-429b-b2a9-bbe2537d2fae",
+      "description": "Brown, black, brown, yellow and violet",
+      "scenarios": ["floating-point"],
+      "property": "labelDecoder",
+      "input": {
+        "colors": ["brown", "black", "brown", "yellow", "violet"]
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "value": 1.01,
+        "unit": "megaohms",
+        "tolerance": "±0.1%"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "8fce56df-326e-45fe-9265-b69c334b9023",
+      "description": "Brown, black, red and red",
+      "property": "labelDecoder",
+      "input": {
+        "colors": ["brown", "black", "red", "red"]
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "value": 1,
+        "unit": "kiloohms",
+        "tolerance": "±2%"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}

exercises/resistor-color-tolerance/description.md

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+# Description
+
+In this exercise, you are going to create a helpful program so that you don't have to remember the values of the bands.
+The program will take 1, 4, or 5 colors as input and output the correct value in ohms.
+The color bands are encoded as follows:
+
+| Color  | Value |
+| ------ | ----- |
+| Black  | 0     |
+| Brown  | 1     |
+| Red    | 2     |
+| Orange | 3     |
+| Yellow | 4     |
+| Green  | 5     |
+| Blue   | 6     |
+| Violet | 7     |
+| Gray   | 8     |
+| White  | 9     |
+
+In [`Resistor Color Trio`][resistor-color-trio-exercise] you decoded the first three color bands.
+For instance: orange-orange-brown translated to the main value `330`.
+In this exercise you will need to add _tolerance_ to the mix.
+Tolerance is the maximum amount that a value can be above or below the main value.
+For example, if the last band is green, the maximum tolerance will be `±0.5%`.
+
+The tolerance band will have one of these values:
+
+| Color  | Tolerance |
+| ------ | --------: |
+| Grey   |    ±0.05% |
+| Violet |    ±0.10% |
+| Blue   |    ±0.25% |
+| Green  |    ±0.50% |
+| Brown  |    ±1.00% |
+| Red    |    ±2.00% |
+| Gold   |    ±5.00% |
+| Silver |   ±10.00% |
+
+The four-band resistor is built up like this:
+
+| Band_1  | Band_2  | Band_3     | Band_4    |
+| ------- | ------- | ---------- | --------- |
+| Value_1 | Value_2 | Multiplier | Tolerance |
+
+Examples:
+
+- orange-orange-brown-green would be `330` ohms with a `±0.5%` tolerance.
+- orange-orange-red-grey would be `3300` ohms with a `±0.05%` tolerance.
+
+The difference between a four and five-band resistor is that the five-band resistor has an extra band to indicate a more precise value.
+
+| Band_1  | Band_2  | Band_3  | Band_4     | Band_5    |
+| ------- | ------- | ------- | ---------- | --------- |
+| Value_1 | Value_2 | Value_3 | Multiplier | Tolerance |
+
+Examples:
+
+- orange-orange-orange-black-green would be `333` ohms with a `±0.5%` tolerance.
+- orange-red-orange-blue-violet would be `323 million` ohms with a `±0.1%` tolerance.
+
+There are also one band resistors.
+One band resistors only have the color black with a value of 0.
+
+Your program should translate an input `list` of resistor band colors into a label:
+
+"... ohms ±...%"
+
+So an input `list` of `["orange", "orange", "black", "green"]` should return:
+
+"33 ohms ±0.5%"
+
+When there are thousands of ohms, we say "kiloohms".
+That's similar to saying "kilometer" for 1000 meters, and "kilograms" for 1000 grams.
+
+So an input `list` of `["orange", "orange", "orange", "grey"]` should return:
+
+"33 kiloohms ±0.05%"
+
+When there are millions of ohms, we say "megaohms".
+
+So an input `list` of `["orange", "orange", "blue", "red"]` should return:
+
+"33 megaohms ±2%"
+
+[resistor-color-trio-exercise]: https://exercism.org/tracks/python/exercises/resistor-color-trio

exercises/resistor-color-tolerance/metadata.toml

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+title = "Resistor Color Tolerance"
+blurb = "Convert color codes as used on resistors with different bands to a human-readable label."
+source = "@meatball133"
+source_url = "https://github.com/exercism/python/tree/main/exercises/practice/resistor-color-expert"