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fix: the config file's directory no longer decides the rootdir alone - #14837

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fix: the config file's directory no longer decides the rootdir alone#14837
RonnyPfannschmidt wants to merge 3 commits into
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RonnyPfannschmidt:fix/rootdir-not-decided-by-config-file

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Split out of #14807 after review — that PR keeps the refactor and the non-breaking -c fixes, this one carries the single breaking change.

Depends on #14807 (the branch is based on it); the diff against main will shrink to one commit once that lands.

Supersedes #14454 and #14579. Closes #13246, closes #9703.

The problem

-c set the rootdir to the config file's parent directory. With the common -c config/pytest.ini layout that moved the rootdir into config/, so conftests collected an empty path prefix: same-named fixtures from sibling directories shadowed each other, and node ids came out as config::test2 rather than tests/tests2/test2.py::test2.

The change

The config file's location is evidence about where the project lives, not a decision on its own. Take the common ancestor of the config file's directory and the collected test paths, using the invocation directory in their place when no paths were given. If the two live in unrelated trees the ancestor degrades to the filesystem root, in which case the config file's directory is kept, as today.

scenario before #14454 #14579 this PR
-c config/pytest.ini (no args) config/ config/
-c config/pytest.ini tests/ config/
sibling config, invoked from a subdirectory config/ sub/
unrelated working directory config/ unrelated dir

No ambiguity warning is needed once the ancestor also considers the invocation directory, because the rootdir is then derived rather than guessed.

⚠️ Breaking, and which release

This changes documented behaviour — doc/en/reference/customize.rst said "If -c is passed in the command-line, use that as configuration file, and its directory as rootdir" — so the doc is updated here and the changelog entries are filed as breaking, not bugfix.

@bluetech asked on #14807 whether the next release is intended to be major. The versionchanged directive in the doc currently says 10.0 on that assumption — tell me the target and I will adjust it. If the next release is 9.2 instead, this PR should simply wait.

Concretely, what breaks: a project that today runs -c cfg/pytest.ini and relies on the rootdir being cfg/ — node ids, .pytest_cache location, and rootdir-relative ini paths all move. In practice such a setup already has broken conftest discovery, which is what #13246 and #9703 report.

Verification

Full suite green (4349 passed, 47 skipped, 13 xfailed, 7 xpassed — the xpasses are pre-existing, #11603/#10042).

Verified against the original reproducers by swapping in main's findpaths.py and running the same commands: on main the #13246 repro gives FAILED config::test2 - assert 1 == 2 and rootdir: .../config; with this commit, 2 passed and rootdir: .../ — the project root.

RonnyPfannschmidt and others added 3 commits August 5, 2026 22:32
Knowledge about config files was spread across three places that had to be
kept in sync by hand: load_config_dict_from_file dispatched on suffix with
filename checks nested inside those branches, locate_config re-declared the
discovery order in its own hardcoded list, and adding a format meant editing
both in the right order.

Introduce two tables instead. CONFIG_LOADERS maps a config file *name* to its
loader and doubles as the discovery order used by locate_config, so order and
parsing can no longer drift apart. CONFIG_SUFFIXES maps a *suffix* to a loader
for files passed explicitly via -c/--config-file, which may be named anything.
load_config_dict_from_file now looks up the name first and falls back to the
suffix.

The per-format rules move out of nested conditionals into named functions --
_parse_pytest_ini, _parse_ini_file, _parse_cfg_file, _parse_pytest_toml and
_parse_pyproject_toml -- each documenting the rule it implements.

This is a pure refactor: no test needed changing, and running
load_config_dict_from_file over a matrix of every supported name crossed with
present/absent/empty/malformed sections (plus unsupported and extension-less
files) yields identical values, modes, origins and exceptions before and after.

Two pre-existing warts are deliberately preserved rather than fixed here: the
CFG_PYTEST_SECTION message still names setup.cfg for any .cfg file, and a
scalar `pytest` key still raises AttributeError.

This redoes the structural half of pytest-dev#8358 on top of current main; that PR
bundled it with the abandoned setup.cfg deprecation from pytest-dev#3523.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Consolidates three open reports that all bottom out in how an explicitly
given config file is located and parsed. The preceding refactor turns each
of them into a small change rather than another special case in a
conditional.

Custom TOML files also read [pytest] (pytest-dev#14705)

  pytest documents [pytest] as the table its own TOML configuration files
  use, but a TOML file passed via -c was parsed with pyproject.toml
  semantics, so a [pytest] table in it was silently ignored. Such files now
  read [pytest] as well, while the [tool.pytest]/[tool.pytest.ini_options]
  tables they were previously restricted to keep working -- writing both
  styles into one file is a UsageError. Suffix dispatch makes this one
  loader; pyproject.toml itself is unaffected, as name dispatch wins.

-c/--config-file validates its argument (pytest-dev#14716)

  Previously an invalid path either silently produced an empty
  configuration -- while still reporting `configfile:` in the header -- or
  crashed with a raw FileNotFoundError traceback, depending on its
  extension. Now a path that does not exist, a directory, and a regular
  file pytest has no loader for are each a UsageError. The supported
  extensions in the message are derived from CONFIG_LOADERS_BY_SUFFIX
  rather than restated in a separate constant.

  This is breaking for invocations that passed an unparsable file to -c and
  relied on it being ignored. The pytest-dev#14683 regression test did exactly that
  with a conftest.py and now uses a real config file; it passes --rootdir
  explicitly, so the config file was incidental to what it covers.

The rootdir is not derived from a non-regular config file (pytest-dev#11502)

  --config-file=/dev/null is a common way to load no configuration at all.
  Deriving the rootdir from its parent made the rootdir /dev, and the cache
  plugin then warned on every run that it could not create
  /dev/.pytest_cache. Such a path says nothing about where the project
  lives, so fall back to the usual common-ancestor logic.

  Whether a path is parsed and whether its directory decides the rootdir
  are kept separate: a loader runs whenever one matches the name or suffix,
  so a config file that happens to be a fifo is still read, and only a path
  with no loader *and* no chance of holding configuration -- a character
  device such as /dev/null -- means "no configuration" instead of an error.

The diagnoses come from pytest-dev#14707 (@DebadityaHait), pytest-dev#14723 (@wanxiankai) and
pytest-dev#14671 (@apoorvdarshan); the implementations differ because the table-based
dispatch makes each one smaller.

Closes pytest-dev#14705
Closes pytest-dev#14716
Closes pytest-dev#11502

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Passing -c/--config-file set the rootdir to the config file's parent
directory. A config kept in a subdirectory -- the common `-c config/pytest.ini`
layout -- therefore moved the rootdir into that subdirectory, which broke
conftest discovery and node ids: conftests collected an empty path prefix, so
same-named fixtures from sibling directories shadowed each other and node ids
came out as `config::test2` instead of `tests/tests2/test2.py::test2`.

The config file's location is evidence about where the project lives, not a
decision on its own. Take the common ancestor of the config file's directory
and the collected test paths instead, falling back to the invocation directory
in place of the test paths when none were given. If the two live in unrelated
trees the ancestor degrades to the filesystem root, in which case the config
file's directory is kept, as before.

This covers cases neither of the two open proposals handled alone:

  scenario                                     before      pytest-dev#14454   pytest-dev#14579   now
  -c config/pytest.ini (no args)               config/     ok       config/  ok
  -c config/pytest.ini tests/                  config/     ok       ok       ok
  sibling config, invoked from a subdirectory  config/     sub/     ok       ok
  unrelated working directory                  config/     unrel.   ok       ok

pytest-dev#14454 (@EternalRights) found the root cause and drove the design discussion;
its `invocation_dir` rule is right for the no-args case but follows the working
directory even when that is unrelated to the project. pytest-dev#14579 (@hariharan077)
contributed the common-ancestor form, which is most of the answer but leaves
the no-args case unfixed. Neither is needed once the ancestor also considers
the invocation directory, and no ambiguity warning is required because the
ancestor is derived rather than guessed.

This is a breaking change: it alters documented behaviour, so
doc/en/reference/customize.rst is updated along with it, and the changelog
entries are filed as breaking rather than as bugfixes.

Closes pytest-dev#13246
Closes pytest-dev#9703

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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